Project
Schematic 4
power lead. If your pump is 220 volts, I
really recommend a DPDT relay so you
can switch both sides of the circuit.
When I build circuits such as these,
I like to purchase a 50’ or 100’ extension cord and cut it down to a couple of
feet. This gives me a nice male and
female connector, as well as any length
of cord I may need. Buying the longer
cord also tends to be cheaper than
purchasing the special plugs needed. If
you are running 220 volts, you may just
need to hardwire the circuit anyway.
transistor and a DPDT 12 volt relay.
I like using the TIP 41 in situations like this, as it has a
bypass diode built in to keep the relay from destroying the
transistor when the field collapses.
The relay can be any 12 volt DC relay, as long as the
contacts can handle the pump you are controlling. I am
currently using a 12 volt relay with 20 amp contacts.
Originally, I used a 30 amp 12 volt automotive relay. These
relays will work, but will draw a bit more current than your
typical DPDT 12 volt relays. If you do decide to use an
automotive relay, make sure you switch the black (or hot)
PCB
Kronos Robotics has several PCBs for the various
microcontrollers. The Athena WorkBoard PCB is perfect for
this project. It has provisions for connecting the AC with the
rectifier and regulator on board. As there are provisions for
an RS232 driver, you can also use the board to program the
chip. There is also a very generous prototyping area on the
PCB for adding the potentiometer, indicator, and transistor.
Note that the PCB is also available in a Carrier board
configuration, which makes it extremely easy to proto-
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SEPTEMBER 2005
